[lycier]

世界专家名论赏析
Beating The Experts 击败专家
作者：
Marvin L. French
San Diego, CA

Experts bid better, defend better, and play the dummy better than you. They also have better partnerships, so
how can you possibly beat them? The usual answer is to copy their methods (surely the best) and to try for
swings with unsound bids and plays. Wrong! That might work for a short Swiss match, maybe one time in ten,
but not for a longer match.
No, your best chance is to play a solid game that differs from theirs. You don't want the same contract, played
from the same side, with the same opening lead and line of dummy play, at both tables. If your alternatives get
better results, you win! If they don't, so what, you were going to lose anyway. Here's the plan:
-- Don't play their system. If they play five-card majors, you play four-card majors. Use different notrump
ranges, if only to play 16-18 high-card point (HCP) one notrump openings vs their 15-17, and 21-22 HCP two
notrump openings vs their unsound 20-21. It is amazing how often good bidding of the same deal in different
systems will result in a different contract or different declarer, which is what you are looking for..
-- Use alternative conventions and treatments. They use Michaels cue bids? You use top-and-bottom. Forget
weak jump overcalls, yours are strong or intermediate. No negative doubles unless the vulnerability is
unfavorable--you double for business (but read up on
the techniques). Play two-way Stayman (two diamonds game-forcing, two clubs game-invitational), discarding
Jacoby transfer bids. You don't want to play hands from the same side they do.
-- No ultra-light openings, doubles, overcalls, or responses. Make your weak two bids sound, with a good six-
card suit and at least 1-1/2 defensive tricks (so partner can double with confidence). The experts are better at
stealing hands than you are, so don't mimic their macho style. That does not mean bidding timidly. If you have
a reasonably good bid or double, make it.
-- Don't open notrump with a weak doubleton or off-shape hand. Eschewing these questionable practices,
popular with experts, can get some great results.
-- Avoid bidding very weak suits with marginal hands. Partner will have more confidence in raising or leading
your suit, and you'll have fewer disasters.
-- Prefer a sound minor suit bid to a questionable one in a weak major or in notrump. A good minor suit
contract, disdained by the experts, often yields a nice swing. With a weak hand raise opener's minor instead of
bidding a weak major (a Danny Kleinman practice).
-- Prefer a notrump response or rebid when the alternative is to bid a weak four-card suit. Don't use Stayman
with a 4-3-3-3 hand or Jacoby with a 5-3-3-2 hand. You might gain if their suit contract gets a bad break, or
your unrevealing bidding elicits a favorable lead. Sometimes hands with a 4-4 or 5-3 major-suit fit will have the
same number of losers in either a notrump or major-suit contract.
-- Try to stay out of the low-percentage games that experts are fond of (their chief weakness). Sometimes they
will succeed in a bad contract, and your lesser bid will result in a loss. The loss would be greater, however, if
your inferior play or their superior defense would have defeated you in the same contract. Often the bad
contract won't succeed, and you will have a gain instead of a push.

-- Don't get too scientific; their science will be better. If you are pretty sure of game or slam, just bid it. Hiding
your assets may get you a favorable lead. Use only those conventions and treatments that your partnership
knows thoroughly. It is hard enough to beat experts without giving them gifts arising from misunderstandings.
-- With a close opening lead decision, try to guess what the expert will do and choose the alternative. Maybe
you'll get a swing. Don't make strange leads, however, like king from king-small. To do so is to play into the
experts' hands (literally).
-- Take alternative lines of dummy play. With nine trumps, finessing for the queen can produce a swing. The
edge in favor of the drop is very small, so why not take a chance?
-- Against suit contracts, lead low from weak doubletons and high from weak tripletons. This is a better method
than MUD (middle-up-down) for distinguishing between doubletons and tripletons, and often works better
than standard leads.
-- Don't use "odd-even" or other coded discards. In fact, signal only when absolutely necessary. Experts love
defenders who reveal the location of high cards.
-- Don't let a bad result demoralize you. Experts have bad results, too. Say absolutely nothing critical or
apologetic. Just smile, and don't let them see you sweat! For that matter, silence in general is wise. Don't
initiate, or participate in, hand discussions with partner or with opponents. In trying to look smart, you'll
probably end up looking foolish. Experts are very good at deducing skill level from opponents' smallest
comments. If you keep quiet, they may think you're an expert too!
-- Before leading against any contract, routinely say, "Please explain your auction." They must explain not only
any conventional bid or non-standard treatment, but also any standard bid about which they have a special
understanding. You might learn something helpful. You can also ask for an explanation of the auction at any
point during the auction, but don't show interest in a particular bid unless it is very important that you know
more about it before the auction is over. Such interest is unauthorized information for partner, and will
possibly constrain his actions, or lead to a score adjustment unfavorable to your side if it looks like he might
have made use of it.
-- Experts excel at reading "breaks in tempo" (hesitations or unwonted speed) during the bidding or play, so try
to make every call and play at the same (slow) speed. Consider your opening leads, no matter how obvious, for
five seconds or so. Why tell them you don't have a lead problem?
-- Call the director if there is any irregularity whatsoever. The experts will do so whenever your side has a break
in tempo, and you must return the favor. Directors are notoriously loath to rule against experts, so use your
right of appeal if a ruling seems unfair. Whatever happens, keep your cool. Be pleasant. Experts thrive on
disgruntled opponents.
-- Don't tolerate misbehavior by the experts' kibitzers, who must be seated and silent. Kibitzers may look at
only one hand, and must give the same attention to a bust hand as to a blockbuster. You have the right to
banish any one kibitzer without giving a reason, but don't do so arbitrarily.
While the foregoing is aimed mainly at team-of-four games, most of the tactics apply to pair games in which
you are outclassed. Also note that many of the recommendations are worthwhile against any opponents, not
just experts.

"Beating the Experts" was published in The Bridge World magazine, April 1996.

[yin970902]

Don't use Stayman with a 4-3-3-3 hand or Jacoby with a 5-3-3-2 hand.
看来要打败专家不是一件容易的事。好文章，多谢了！

[madongjun]

全是英语啊，看起来有点儿吃力，没有译文？

[fp651026]

madongjun, on 2012-September-14, 21:04, said:

全是英语啊，看起来有点儿吃力，没有译文？

可惜看不懂