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Because looking for slam /best game is way more important and frequent than hands where 3C/3D will play better than 2Nt
This is completely wrong.
First weak hands with either 6diamonds or 5diamonds-4+clubs are way more frequent than slammish hands.
Second there is a lot of space in this sequence so it's not like you are unable to explore slam if you don't have 3
♣/3
♦ available for the purpose. There are 3M bids which can be used as Aquahombre said to either show values or shortness, there are 4m bids which can be used as either natural slam tries or some kind of kc asks (I prefer natural tries) and last there are 4M bids which can be used as splinters with 5-5 minors.
So you lose some precision with slam hands. Now how much do you lose with weak hands with 6diamonds or 5d - 4+c ?
The answer is: a ton. How bad do you think is passing a hand like:
Kxx x QJxxxx AJx ?
I made simple simulation for this hand. 3
♦ makes 90% of the time while 2Nt makes 31% of the time. Which means that you lose about 3imps/hand by passing. This is huge. Giving up blackwood, stayman or transfer wouldn't produce even comparable damage on hands where they come up.
This hand is not special in any way. You can easily have 6-4 in minors and even weaker hand where you will just handle opponents 5+imps on average passing 2NT when vulnerable.
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Because every system/treatement has some advantages and disadvantages.
Thinking this way is sure way to never make progress. You can assert any random treatment and say "well every system/treatment has some advantages and disadvantages" so it can't be bad !
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I believe 3♣ is forcing in standard,, even if thats not optimal (no opinion either way)
Many treatments which just plain suck made their way to "standard" in America (Capp for example) but here playing 3m as forcing is so bad I don't believe it coudl sneak into people's mind as standard
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Mikes response seems to be the standard
I don't know Lawrence's take on 2/1 but are you sure 1m - 2NT isn't 12+ there ?